Formula Sheets

The tutorial questions cover a range of topics that each have their own formulae that the student should master. These are detailed under the appropriate module heading.

1. Equilibrium & Support Reactions

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2. Pin-jointed Frame Structures

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3. Shearing forces and bending moments

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4. Direct Stress

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5. Bending stress

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6. Combined bending and direct stress

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Module 1 - Equilibrium of rigid structures

Equilibrium - General
	The algebraic sum of all the horizontal forces equate to zero.
	The algebraic sum of all the vertical forces equate to zero.
	The algebraic sum of all the moments of all the forces about any point equate to zero.

Equilibrium - Mass Structures
	The tendency for a structure to slide horizontally under the action of any horizontal component (T_H) of load T must be prevented by the reaction (P) from the ground behind the structure and/or by a frictional force (R) between the structure and the ground beneath it.
	The weight (W) of the structure and the vertical components T_v of any loads (T) must be balanced by the vertically upward reaction (V) of the ground, or foundation, below the structure.
	The overturning moment of the loads about a probable centre of rotation (O) must be balanced by the restoring moment about the same point due to the self-weight of the structure.
	FOS_OTM - Factor of safety against overturning.
	FOS_SLD - Factor of safety against sliding.